Presente Simple
(“Present Simple” en ingles). Usamos el presente simple para expresar hábitos, hechos, pensamientos y sentimientos. También se usa con declaraciones generales y acciones que se repiten. Se forma con la forma básica del verbo, excepto la tercera persona del singular donde debe agregar una “s”.
Presente simple
(Ver también Verbos ingles –(‘verbos regulares en ingles’)
Se utiliza el presente simple:
To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions and wishes:
• I play tennis every Wednesday (habit);
• I work in Concepción (unchanging situation);
• Concepción is a city in the south of Chile (general truth)
To give instructions or directions:
• You walk for two hundred metres, then you turn left. To express fixed arrangements, present or future:
• Your exam starts at 09.00 To express future time, after some conjunctions: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
• He’ll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
¡TEN CUIDADO! ¡Puede ser confuso! El presente simple no se usa para expresar acciones que suceden ahora. (Ver presente continuo).
Ejemplos con presente simple:
Hábitos
- He drinks tea at breakfast.
- She only eats fish.
- They watch television regularly.
Para acciones o eventos repetidos
- We catch the bus every morning.
- It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
- They drive to Monaco every summer.
Para verdades generales
- Water freezes at zero degrees.
- The Earth revolves around the Sun.
- Her mother is Peruvian.
Para instrucciones o indicaciones
- Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
- You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
Para arreglos fijos
- His mother arrives tomorrow.
- Our holiday starts on the 26th March
Con futuras construcciones
- She’ll see you before she leaves.
- We’ll give it to her when she arrives.
Presente simple, tercera persona singular
Nota:
He, she, it: en tercera persona del singular, el verbo siempre termina en -s: he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
Las formas negativas y de preguntas usan DOES (= la tercera persona del auxiliar ‘DO’) + el infinitivo del verbo.
- He wants. Does he want? He does not want.
Verbos que terminan en -y: la tercera persona cambia el -y a -ies:
- fly –> flies, cry –> cries
Excepción: si hay una vocal antes de –y:
- play –> plays, pray –> prays
Agregue -es a los verbos que terminan en: -ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
- he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Ejemplos con presente simple::
1. Tercera persona singular con s o -es
- He goes to school every morning.
- She understands English.
- It mixes the sand and the water.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing the piano.
2. Presente simple, forma
Ejemplo: “To think”, presente simple
| Afirmativa | Interrogativa | Negativa |
| I think | Do I think ? | I do not think. |
| You think | Do you think? | You don’t think. |
| he, she, it thinks | Does he, she, it think? | He, she, it doesn’t think. |
| we think | Do we think? | We don’t think. |
| you think | Do you think? | You don’t think. |